Circular migration between Ethiopia and the Gulf: Motivations, experiences, and return conditions

Drawing on research conducted in seven countries over a period of eight years (2016-2023), the book’s main thesis is that mobility, in all its forms, features centrally in the life of people in the Horn of Africa and, as such, should also be fundamental to all development policy and programming.}

This report argues that shifting from an emergency-centred approach to a more holistic and comprehensive one requires a paradigm shift in understanding and responding to the crisis.}

Population displacement as a result of humanitarian and protection emergencies is a significant challenge in Ethiopia. As of June 2023, an estimated 4.4 million people in the country were internally displaced (UNHCR, 2023). The main drivers of this forced displacement have been, in particular, a combination of the intensification of conflicts and violence in different parts of the country as well as climatic hazards (mainly drought).}